["The care programme should be a clearly explained proposal to which the patient freely consents"]. / « Le programme de soins devrait être une proposition clairement expliquée et librement consentie par le patient ¼.

Claude Finkelstein, president of the Fédération nationale des associations d'usagers en psychiatrie, has drawn up an inventory of care programmes, nine years after their establishment. In particular, she highlights the experience of patients and their familes regarding this system. The pitfalls concern the systematic search for the healthcare proxy and some application methods in the follow-up. Prospects for improvement should be discussed to give value to the interest of such programmes for the subjects.

[Obstacles, difficulties, and facilitators in setting up a research project funded by the Hospital Program for Nursing and Paramedical Research : Lessons learned from a mental health research project] / Freins, difficultés et facilitateurs dans la mise en place d'une recherche financée par le Programme hospitalier de recherche infirmière et paramédicale (PHRIP) : retour d'expérience d'un projet de recherche en santé mentale.

Nursing research continues to grow and become self-sustaining. It was in this context that we received funding from the Hospital Program for Nursing and Paramedical Research for our research project on schizophrenia. Schizophrenia is a mental disorder that affects 1% of the general population, and is a crippling disease both cognitively and socially. Cognitive remediation and therapeutic education are nursing practices deemed suitable for the psychosocial rehabilitation of schizophrenia patients. We hypothesized that a therapeutic education program placed upstream of cognitive remediation would have beneficial effects. We planned to include eighty patients aged eighteen to sixty, randomized into two groups, one combining cognitive remediation and therapeutic education, the second using just cognitive remediation. Each patient was assessed using a range of neuropsychological scales. Due to difficulties encountered in including and following up with participants, our statistical results could not be used. We therefore turned our focus to the factors that facilitate and hinder the setting up of a nursing research project. We organized these factors into three areas : those related to the nurse ; those related to the care facility and the organization ; and those related to the research. The results were consistent with the literature and show how important it is to encourage nurses to be more involved in a scientific approach.

Freins, difficultés et facilitateurs dans la mise en place d'une recherche financée par le Programme hospitalier de recherche infirmière et paramédicale (PHRIP) : retour d'expérience d'un projet de recherche en santé mentale.

Nursing research continues to grow and become self-sustaining. It was in this context that we received funding from the Hospital Program for Nursing and Paramedical Research for our research project on schizophrenia. Schizophrenia is a mental disorder that affects 1% of the general population, and is a crippling disease both cognitively and socially. Cognitive remediation and therapeutic education are nursing practices deemed suitable for the psychosocial rehabilitation of schizophrenia patients. We hypothesized that a therapeutic education program placed upstream of cognitive remediation would have beneficial effects. We planned to include eighty patients aged eighteen to sixty, randomized into two groups, one combining cognitive remediation and therapeutic education, the second using just cognitive remediation. Each patient was assessed using a range of neuropsychological scales. Due to difficulties encountered in including and following up with participants, our statistical results could not be used. We therefore turned our focus to the factors that facilitate and hinder the setting up of a nursing research project. We organized these factors into three areas : those related to the nurse ; those related to the care facility and the organization ; and those related to the research. The results were consistent with the literature and show how important it is to encourage nurses to be more involved in a scientific approach.

[A short history of clinical nursing in psychiatry]. / Petite histoire de la clinique infirmière en psychiatrie.

The history and evolution of nursing practice in psychiatry provide us with some insights regarding the training needs of today's nurses. The care relationship, the central focus of practice, has been constructed as treatments have advanced and care has become more humanised. Nurses have been able to forge their professional identity on the basis of the "clinical nursing science, psychiatry and human sciences" triptych. The implementation of advanced practice, which essentially involves the delegation of medical acts, must not overshadow the need to develop nurses' specialisation in the clinical field in order to respond to patients' suffering.

["It will be important to avoid a rift opening up between nurses and advanced practice nurses"]. / « Il sera nécessaire d'éviter l'instauration d'un clivage entre infirmier et infirmier en pratique avancée ¼.

After a long process of negotiation, laws passed in 2018 mean that advanced practice has finally become a reality for nurses in French legislation. Benefits are expected for patients, doctors, caregivers, management, organisations and for the health system. However, it will be necessary to take into account certain limits, and practices are expected to evolve. This change highlights the evolution of nursing practices thanks to Evidence-Based Nursing. An interview with Christophe Debout, member of the advanced practice network training committee of the International Council of Nurses.

Vers une pratique avancée pour les infirmiers en psychiatrie.

TOWARDS ADVANCED PRACTICE FOR NURSES IN PSYCHIATRY: Advanced nursing practice in psychiatry is a major challenge for the discipline. It must meet the needs of the population as well as conform to national policies and tackle the problems within the mental health and psychiatric sector. For a long time, psychiatric nurses have developed their practices on the basis of precise indications and health policies. Advanced practice will not be able to replace these existing situations.

[Training caregivers to improve violence prevention and response]. / Former les soignants à mieux prévenir et répondre aux moments de violence.

Confronted with the phenomena of violence, hospital managers are putting in place continuing training sessions addressing the theme of prevention. These so-called 'violent' situations are generally triggered by patients or by their family. The analyses carried out subsequently enable the different mechanisms, notably institutional, which might have contributed to the emergence of these situations, to be identified.